Intelligences of Nature: Fish

There are approximately 30,000 species of fish, representing the largest group of vertebrates. Despite this, fish are often regarded as an inert food source rather than as complex, living organisms within an intricate underwater ecosystem. Recent scientific research challenges the common misconception that fish lack the capacity to experience pain and stress. Fish species demonstrate varying capacities for cognition, learning, and possible sentience. Dive into this section to explore the fascinating underwater world of fish.