“Environmental Justice in Europe”

This chapter explores how climate justice has become central to environmental justice in Europe under the pressure of global ecological crises. While the Aarhus Convention, in force since 2001, institutionalized environmental democracy, its emphasis on procedural rights has limited broader conceptions of justice. Deep inequalities persist, especially between Western and Central-Eastern Europe where marginalized groups like the Roma face compounded environmental burdens; the chapter calls for renewed focus on the social dimensions of environmental harm to strengthen justice across the European continent.